The U.S. and The S.O.A. :: Essays Papers

The U.S. furthermore, The S.O.A. In its dealings with outside countries, the administration of the United States has over and over surged past looking for discretionary answers for issues and used its military prevalence or cash over accomplish the result it wants, paying little heed to non military personnel losses that may happen en route. Over and over, it has abused human rights or added to such infringement. Sometimes, the activities of the administration have reverse discharges and a partner that the U.S. was helping at one point so as to accomplish its own closures switches itself and turns into a foe. Regardless of whether that occurs or not, some all around educated residents are worried for the government assistance of the people groups in different countries and what the United States government is doing to them. In a popular government, where greater part controls, issues, for example, U.S. association in human rights infringement should be brought to the consideration of more residents. For issues relat ing to Latin America, this is very clear. It is time and again neglected, yet the U.S. keeps up a solid impact on most, if not all, of its countries. Everywhere throughout the world, the United States government utilizes its impact to accomplish its own objectives, in any event, when those objectives hurt the people groups of remote countries. The arrangements which the U.S. utilizations to take care of its remote issues are commonly brief and have many negative results over the long haul. The two most critical events which show these outcomes are the two most troublesome issues confronting America in the current day. The adversaries that the United States presently faces were initially helped by the U.S. during the 1980s. The two enemies are Osama container Laden and Saddam Hussein. Osama receptacle Laden picked up help from the CIA in 1979 in what has been called â€Å"the biggest undercover activity throughout the entire existence of the CIA.†[1] This was during the Cold War time frame when the Soviets had attacked Afghanistan, creating a scene by the Afghani individuals, who started a jihad against the Soviets. So as to stop the spread of Communism, the United States needed to free Afghanistan of the Soviets.[2] So, the CIA, utilizing the Pakistan's military Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) as a center man,2 helped the Afghani warriors by drastically expanding arms supplies - a consistent ascent to 65,000 tons every year by 1987, via preparing them in guerrilla strategies, and by keeping up a constant stream of CIA and Pentagon pros who ventured out to the mystery base camp of Pakistan's ISI.

The Lord of the Rings Return of the King Theatrical VS Cinematic

The Lord of the Rings set of three is viewed as one of the best film establishments ever due its blend of the showy and the true to life which resounded well with worldwide crowds (Bennett, 91).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King: Theatrical VS Cinematic explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Its realistic quality can be found in the finely nitty gritty CGI illustrations and sceneries that the characters were drenched in (Bennett, 91). The pleasant scenes, the similar authenticity of the climactic fight scenes, the utilization of enchantment, dream and clear symbolism makes a world that no venue might make. The film itself was intended to â€Å"wow† crowds with the manner by which it spoke to Middle Earth in the manner that J.R.R Tolkien saw visualized his own eyes. The film establishment is additionally referred to for its utilization of showy behavior as it very well may be found in the discourses, ex change and quirks of the characters themselves. Not at all like current movies where the characters appear to mix in with different characters and the very background of the film itself the emotional and in many cases misrepresented acting of the entertainers, Hugo Weaving specifically, gives crowds the feeling that they are not watching a move at everything except rather a sensational dramatic play where the fundamental on-screen characters act in excessively operatic and exaggerated manners so as to all the more likely associate with the crowd and carry them into the film itself. One scene in the film specifically draws out this sentiment of showy behavior, in particular the discourse of Aragorn before the assault on the Black Gates of Mordor. At the point when Hugo Weaving talks in this specific scene one can't resist the opportunity to be brought into the discourse itself, there are no true to life impacts demonstrated rather all emphasis is on Aragorn not ethicalness of any eng aged impact but instead because of the intensity of his discourse, the feeling resounding in his voice and his capacity to earn the consideration of the crowd through his voice alone. This specific type of acting is frequently observed in different dramatic plays as the on-screen characters act in an excessively sensational manner so as to catch the consideration of the crowd. In this specific scene Aragorn is catching the complete consideration of the crowd so that rather than the crowd understanding the little size of Aragorn’s armed force contrasted with the enormous armed force of Mordor they despite everything place their confidence on Aragorn’s men because of the sheer intensity of his discourse wherein individuals can't resist the opportunity to need to help him. Another scene which catches the dramatic parts of the film is the scene including Gandalf and the Witch King wherein the two foes go up against one another on one of the towers in the city. While this s cene does incorporate some realistic impacts, for example, the CGI beast that Witch King was riding what must be mulled over in this specific scene is the way that the collaboration between the two characters through discourse alone makes such a sentiment of sadness, that one can't resist the opportunity to feel that the reason is lost.Advertising Looking for article on craftsmanship and plan? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More What must be comprehended is that showy introductions regularly depend on discourse as a strategy for inducing a specific response in different crowds as such the emotional utilization of discourse in this specific case was the direct inverse of that used by Aragorn rather it was intended to impart a feeling of misery in the crowds for the destiny of Gondar and the cooperation. So far what has been introduced are different instances of dramatic introductions in the film anyway what Return of the King is generally known for isn't only its utilization of showy behavior but instead in its dazzling utilization of cinematics where one can't resist the opportunity to wonder about the scenes, sceneries and fights that appear to improve and better after each passing scene in the film. One specific case of the utilization of cinematics in the film was the utilization of CGI so as to depict the exact fight on the fields of Pellenor. This specific scene included a great many CGI portrayals so as to make a distinctive and reasonable fight between two restricting armed forces. The degree of detail was acceptable to the point that one can't resist the opportunity to be entranced by the sheer size of the battling particularly in the utilization of CGI illustrations to make the Oliphant’s (yes they were named that route in book and the film). Another instance of splendid true to life symbolism was the scene entitled â€Å"the Charge of the Rohirrim†, in it crowds are blessed to rece ive a climactic fight scene where actually a great many riders come gushing down a slope in a triangle development battering into the foe armed force underneath. This scene can be viewed as true to life because of the point by point and distinctive charge of armed force and its ensuing conflict wherein the very hints of bodies smashing in lances, blades hitting swords and the hints of death and murder reverberation around which gives the scene a more prominent level of artistic authenticity. It must be noticed that realistic portrayals regularly include visual and sound-related impacts so as to catch the consideration of the crowd. Discourses, exchange or even great acting isn't actually required in such cases as it tends to be found in the fight scenes in the film wherein individuals simply shout and endeavor to player each other.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King: Theatrical VS Cinematic explicitly for you for just $16 .05 $11/page Learn More It depends on this that it can said that showy portrayals regularly depend on exchange and the sheer ability of the on-screen character so as to appropriately catch the consideration of a crowd of people while true to life portrayals depend more on obvious prompts and impacts so as to catch an audience’s consideration. In the wake of review the film it can not so much be said that either showy or true to life components work better for this specific kind of film establishment. The explanation for this is simply the way that since the film is dependent on a book the film attempts to fuse certain parts of the book itself which are characteristically dramatic. Then again so as to appropriately depict the required fight scenes and sceneries a specific level of true to life quality should have been consolidated into the film itself. It is because of this that it truly can't be expressed that one component of the film (dramatic or realistic) works better sin ce both are innately required so as to appropriately depict the film as it was visualized in the book. Works Cited Bennett, Ray, and Peter Pryor. â€Å"Oscar crown on head of ‘King’.† Hollywood Reporter â€Â International Edition 382.42 (2004): 91. MasterFILE Premier. EBSCO. Web. This exposition on The Lord of the Rings: Return of the King: Theatrical VS Cinematic was composed and presented by client Braydon Wright to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; nonetheless, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

The Link Between ADHD and Boredom

The Link Between ADHD and Boredom ADHD Print The Link Between ADHD and Boredom By Jacqueline Sinfield facebook twitter Jacqueline Sinfield is an ADHD coach, and the author of Untapped Brilliance, How to Reach Your Full Potential As An Adult With ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Jacqueline Sinfield Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on November 29, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on February 05, 2020 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Simon Potter / Getty Images Feeling bored usually happens when nothing in your environment captures your interest or attention. Boredom might start with your mind,  but it can quickly affect your body and emotions too. For example,  you might feel restless or fatigued and your mood can plummet. Boredom is one of the things people with ADHD fear the most and will go to great lengths to avoid it.?? Common Signs of Boredom Aligned With ADHD How many of these sound familiar? You hang up the phone if you are put on hold; even if you were in the middle are resolving an important issue.You eat something,  even  though you aren’t  hungry.You phone a person you don’t like that much, just to have someone to talk to.You delay going to bed until you are completely exhausted to avoid the boredom of lying in bed waiting to fall asleep.You create an argument  with a service provider or someone you love.You act in a potentially dangerous way. For example,  you overtake a slow driver even if its not completely safe  because driving behind them is boring. The opposite of bored is interested, energized, and cheerful. Adults with ADHD are always looking for things that are new or stimulating because when they are interested in something, the executive functions of the brain click into gear and the brain works well. When a task is dull or mundane,  not only is it very hard to mentally stay engaged, there are other negative consequences  too. For example,  daytime sleepiness  where you fall asleep in the middle of an activity  even if you got plenty of sleep the night before. Some people experience depression if their environment isn’t stimulating.?? How to  Avoid  Boredom Get to know yourself and your favorite ways to avoid boredom. Boredom busters include trying the new and different, spending time with people,  doing  adrenaline activities, taking risks, problem-solving, adding  movement, being ‘hands-on’, etc.   When you know your favorite ways, design your life around those things,  so each day is interesting for you. This includes your job and how you approach the tasks in your job description,  your hobbies,  and as well as how you do the mundane tasks of life; such as  housework. Be Prepared Life is full  of  delays,  so have a variety of activities  on  hand. For example,  if you are flying, take a magazine which is visual, a book that you can get engrossed in, as well as  a  puzzle book. Don’t leave things to chance and hope there  will be a good movie to watch or that you will be sitting next to someone entertaining. Use a Timer Using a timer can make even the dullest things interesting,  as it creates a sense of urgency and excitement. Play games with yourself.  For example,  see if you can do all the washing up in 15 minutes. Balance It is good to have a self-awareness that you don’t like feeling bored and  so you can  do what is in your power to avoid it. However,  don’t become too fearful of being bored that you will do anything to avoid it. This is how accidents happen. If you are bored, it is empowering to know you can sit with it for a few moments. Meditation and exercise are two daily habits that help you to endure unexpected boring parts of your day. How to Tolerate Boredom Unfortunately, boredom is not something that can always be avoided. It is important to learn how to find ways to cope during these times in order avoiding behaviors that may not be adaptive or appropriate for the situation. Find a Focus During moments when you find yourself faced with boredom, look for something that you can focus on. Is there a problem you are facing that needs to be solved? Make a mental list of possible solutions. Finding a mental focus during these dull moments can help keep your mind off your boredom and use your time constructively. Practice Mindfulness It can also be helpful to engage in brief moments of mindful thought. Pay attention to how you are feeling at the moment. Spend a few moments just focusing on your own thoughts as they happen. Try focusing on your own breathing. If you find your mind wandering, bring your attention back to the present moment. Daydream If you find yourself really and truly bored with a dull, daily task (folding laundry, doing the dishes, etc.), try just letting your mind wander. This gives you the ability to think about things that bring your joy or spark your interest, while still completing those monotonous jobs that simply need to get done. A Word From Verywell ADHD can be dealing with boredom particularly difficult, but finding ways to cope with dull moments can help. Being prepared can be one of the best tools for coping with boredom. When you have ADHD, keeping your attention on a task often means that it needs to be something you are interested in, that you want, or that you find challenging. When boredom hits, turning to an activity you enjoy or that presents a challenge can help give your brain the stimulation you need.

Demecology †the Ecology of Populations - 1574 Words

Topic 3: Demecology – the ecology of populations The main idea: Note how mathematical models are used to examine variation in growth of a population. Lecture outline: 1. Statistic and dynamic characteristics of population. 2. Growth curves patterns: J-shaped curve and S-shaped curve 3. Population regulation: Density-dependent and density-independent factors. 4. Human population patterns: - Population numbers. - Demographic transition and structure - Population urbanization 1. Statistic and dynamic characteristics of population Population – is a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area. Population is an elementary and evolutionary unit of biosphere. Statistic characteristics: †¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Density-independent factors –are factors that affect populations (reproduction and mortality rates) regardless of population density (natural disasters as forest fire, earthquake, flood etc.). 4. Human population patterns: †¢ Population numbers | |In 1650 ~ 500 million people. | |[pic] |In 2000 ~ 6 billion people. | | |In 2009 ~ 6.5 billion people. | | |This exponential growth rate can be explained by increase: | | |in food production | | |the rise of industry | | |advances in medicine | | |Growth rate is about 70 million people per year. It may be | | |limited by the same density-dependent factors that limit the |

Emily Dickinson s Amazing Gifts As A Poet - 1178 Words

One of Emily’s Dickinson’s amazing gifts as a poet was her ability to write her poems using rich images. She was known to be a very intense viewer and through her poetry she shows her personal feelings in topics that greatly interested her. Emily Dickinson became recognized as one of the greatest female poet in American literature after her death in 1886. Emily Dickinson personal life experiences are reflected in her poetry writings. Her poetry shows the difficulties and needs of human relationship with writing that is moving and captivating. Emily Dickinson was born on December 10, 1830 in Amherst Massachusetts. She was well educated and attended the Amherst Academy. Her father was Edward Dickinson, he†¦show more content†¦She dedicated most of her time completing notebooks with poetry writing and letters to her friends. Dickinson manually bounded her booklets together by folding and sewing five to six sheets of her final version of her poems. When she wasn’t writing, she spent time caring for her sickly mother. Emily Dickinson was a middle child, her older brother was Austin and her litter sister name was Laviana. Emily and her sister did not get married nor had any children. Her brother married Susan Gilbert and Emily considered her a close friend. The few important people in her life inspired her to write poetry. One of the important people in Emily Dickinson life were Otis P. Lord, a Massachusetts Supreme Court Judge, Samuel Bowles, Editor of the Springfield Republican and Reverend Charles Wadworth Emily felt deeply in love with the minister but he was a married man. Many of her poems are believed to be dedicated to Wadsworth unreturned love towards her. In her early years of writing, Dickinson was influenced by Leonard Humphrey, Principal of Amherst Academy, and a family friend named Benjamin Franklin Newton. Newton presented Dickinson to the poetry of William Wordsworth, who also served as her inspiration and someone that she considered her closest earthly friend. Later on, Emily

Corporate Governance †Role of Board of Directors Free Essays

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE – ROLE OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS People often question whether corporate boards matter because their day-today impact is difficult to observe. But, when things go wrong, they can become the center of attention. Certainly this was true of the Enron, Worldcom, and Parmalat scandals. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Governance – Role of Board of Directors or any similar topic only for you Order Now The directors of Enron and Worldcom, in particular, were held liable for the fraud that occurred: Enron directors had to pay $168 million to investor plaintiffs, of which $13 million was out of pocket (not covered by insurance); and Worldcom directors had to pay $36 million, of which $18 million was out of pocket. As a consequence of these scandals and ongoing concerns about corporate governance, boards have been at the center of the policy debate concerning governance reform and the focus of considerable academic research. Because of this renewed interest in boardsmuch of the research on boards ultimately touches on the question â€Å"what is the role of the board? † Possible answers range from boards’ being simply legal necessities, something akin to the wearing of wigs in English courts, to their playing an active part in the overall management and control of the corporation. No doubt the truth lies somewhere between these extremes; indeed, there are probably multiple truths when this question is asked of different firms, in different countries, or in different periods. So what is a Board of Director (BoD) and what do Directors actually do? â€Å"A Board of Directors is a body of elected or appointed members who jointly oversee the activities of a company or organization. Other names include board of governors, board of managers, board of regents, board of trustees, and board of visitors. It is often simply referred to as ‘the board’ †. A board’s activities are determined by the powers, duties, and responsibilities delegated to it or conferred on it by an authority outside itself. These matters are typically detailed in the country’s company law, organization’s bylaws and/or the Article of Association (AoA). The bylaws commonly also specify the number of members of the board, how they are to be chosen, and when they are to meet. To better understand corporate boards, one should begin with the question of what do directors do’? Over the years there has been several indepth studies conducted and research literature published by some of the most brilliant academics only to answer this very question e. g. Mace, 1971, Whisler, 1984, Lorsch and MacIver, 1989, Demb and Neubauer, 1992, and Bowen, 1994 and their conclusions are presented breifly: The principal conclusions of Mace were that â€Å"directors serve as a source of adv ice and counsel, serve as some sort of discipline, and act in crisis situations†. The nature of their â€Å"advice and counsel† is unclear but Mace suggests that a board serves largely as a sounding board for the CEO and top management, occasionally providing expertise when a firm faces an issue about which one or more board members are expert. Yet Demb and Neubauer’s survey results find that approximately two-thirds of directors agreed that â€Å"setting the strategic direction of the company† was one of the jobs they did. 80% of the directors also agreed that they were â€Å"involved in setting strategy for the company†. 5% of respondents to another of Demb and Neubauer’s questionnaires report that they â€Å"set strategy, corporate policies, overall direction, mission, vision†. Indeed far more respondents agreed with that description of their job than agreed with the statements that their job entailed â€Å"oversee[ing], monitor[ing] top management, CEO† (45%); â€Å"succession, hiring/firing CEO and top managem ent† (26%); or serving as a â€Å"watchdog for shareholders, dividends† (23%). According to Epstein and Roy (2006), a high performance board must achieve three core objectives; in other words Epstein and Roy nail the core responsibilities of the board: . Provide superior strategic guidance to ensure the company’s growth and prosperity by Setting of Strategy: 2. Ensure accountability of the company to its stakeholders, including shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, regulators and community; 3. Ensure that a highly qualified executive team is managing the company by The Hiring, Firing and Assessment of Management. Apart from what has been stated above one very significant and active role played by the board is in terms of â€Å"the hiring, firing, and assessment of management†. This is one role that is typically ascribed to directors is control of the process by which top executives are hired, promoted, assessed, and, if necessary, dismissed. Assessment can be seen as having two components, one is monitoring of what top management does and the other is determining the intrinsic ability of top management. The monitoring of managerial actions can, in part, be seen as part of a board’s obligation to be vigilant against managerial malfeasance. It is essential that the role, duties and responsibilities of directors are clearly defined. The Combined Code (2006) states that â€Å"the board’s role is to provide entrepreneurial leadership of the company within a framework of prudent and effective controls which enables risk to be assessed and managed†. According to UK Law, the directors should act in good faith in the interest of the company, and exercise care and skill in carrying out their duties. The Company Law Reform Bill (2005) defines, in section 154-161, the directors’ duties as follows: †¢ a duty to act within powers, that is, to act in accordance with the company’s constitution and only exercise powers for the purpose for which they are conferred; a duty to promote the success of the company, so a director must act in the way he considers, in good faith, would be most likely to promote success of the company for the benefit of its members as a whole; †¢ a duty to exercise independent judgment; †¢ a duty to exercise reasonable care, skill and diligence; †¢ a duty to avoid conflicts of interest; †¢ a duty not to accept benefits from third party †¢ a duty to declare an interest on proposed transactions or arrangements. But that does not quite answer our cardinal question as to ‘how the role the board plays is related to the overall corporate governance of the organization’. Nevertheless one thing is certain thus far is that the BoD lead and control a company and hence an effective board is fundamental to the success of the company. The board is the link between managers and the investors, and is essential to good corporate governance and investor relations. Since corporate governance represents the value framework, the ethical framework and the moral framework under which business decisions are taken; it therefore calls for three factors: 1. Transparency in decision-making; 2. Accountability which follows from transparency because responsibilities could be fixed easily for actions taken or not taken, and; . The accountability is for the safeguarding the interests of the stakeholders and the investors in the organization. Decisions relating to board composition and structure will be of fundamental importance in determining whether, and to what extent, the board is effective and successful in achieving these objectives. A board will typically be composed of a Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, Executive Directors, Non- Executive Director, Independent Director, Company Secretary and then there are committees made from among the board for specific purposes with a view to increased corporate governance and hence accountability. It is important that the board has a balanced composition both in terms of executive and non executive directors and also in terms of experience, qualities and skills that individuals bring to the table. The Institute of Directors (IoD) has published some useful guidance in this area in 2006 which is shared below: †¢ Consider the ratio and number of executive and non executive directors. †¢ Consider the energy, experience, knowledge, skill and personal attributes of current and prospective directors in relation to the future needs of the board as a whole, and develop specifications and processes for new appointments, as necessary. Consider the cohesion, dynamic tension and diversity of the board and its leadership by the chairman. †¢ Make and review succession plans for directors and the company secretary. †¢ Where necessary, remove incompetent or unsuitable directors of the company secretary, taking relevant legal, contractual, ethical and commercial matter into account. †¢ Agree proper procedures for electing a chairman and appointing the managing director and other directors. †¢ Identify potential candidates of the board, make selection and agree terms of appointment and remuneration. New appointments should be agreed by every board member. †¢ Provide new board members with a comprehensive induction to board process, and policies, inclusion to the company and to their new role. †¢ Monitor and appraise each individual’s performance, behavior, knowledge, effectiveness and values rigorously and regularly. †¢ Identify development needs and training opportunities for existing and potential directors and the company secretary. Roles of the board members 1. Chief Executive Officer and Chairman The CEO has the executive responsibility for running of the company’s business; on the other hand, the Chairman has responsibility for the running of the board. The two roles should not therefore be combined and carried out by one person Conclusions Corporate governance, and in particular the role of boards of directors, has been the topic of much attention lately. Although this attention is particularly topical due to well-publicized governance failures and subsequent regulatory changes, corporate governance is an area of longstanding interest in economics (dating back to at least Adam Smith, 1776). Because of corporations’ enormous share of economic activity in modern economies, the extent to which corporations deviate from value-maximization is extremely important. Consequently, corporate governance and the role of boards of directors is an issue of fundamental importance in economics. Understanding the role of boards is vital both for our understanding of corporate behavior and with respect to setting policy to regulate corporate activities. How to cite Corporate Governance – Role of Board of Directors, Essay examples

Preferred Hiring Practices Essays - Social Inequality,

Preferred Hiring Practices In recent years preferential hiring has become an issue of great interest. Preferential hiring, which was devised to create harmony between the different races and sexes, has divided the lines even more. Supporters on both sides seem fixed in their positions and often refuse to listen to the other group's platform. In this essay, the recipients of preferential hiring will be either black or female, and the position in question will be a professorship on the university level. The hirings in question are cases that involve several candidates, all roughly equal in their qualifications (including experience, education, people skills, etc.), with the only difference being race and/or sex. What we have here is a case of predetermined preference. The two candidates in question are equal in all ways, except race. The black applicant is selected, not because of skills or qualifications (in that case the white man would have provided the same result), but for his skin color. This seems to be b latant discrimination, but many believe it is justified. Some feel retribution for years of discrimination is reason enough, but that issue will be discussed later. First, lets focus on why this is not a solution to creating an unbiased society. Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream: "I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character." He desired a world without discrimination, without prejudice, and without stereotypes. The fundamental lesson years of discrimination should have taught is that to give anyone preference based on skin color, sex, or religious beliefs is, in one word, wrong. As Martin Luther King Jr. stated, judgment based on skin color must not exist. All preferential hiring does is keep judgments based on skin color alive. Race and sex should not be issues in today's society, yet preferential hiring continues to make these factors issues by treating mi norities as a group rather than as individuals. More importantly preferential hiring may actually fuel, rather than extinguish, feelings of racial hostility. Applying the concept of preferential hiring to another situation may help elucidate its shortcomings. A party of white men and a party of black men both arrive at a restaurant at the same time and only one table is free. The headwaiter can only seat one party and must make a decision. According to preferential hiring theory it is necessary to seat the black party first, since historically blacks have been discriminated against when seated in restaurants. In another situation, a white man and a black man are both equidistant from the last seat on the bus. Both men are the same age, have no medical problems, and are equal in all ways except skin color. Should the black man get the seat since in the past black men have been discriminated against? We could continue this practice for several centuries before the debt we owe for depr iving blacks of a seat on the bus would be paid. Perhaps these examples are invalid. It could be said that jobs are a different issue. They help define social status and provide economic well-being. They might even boost self-confidence, something that discrimination has stolen. Two points must be considered before moving any further. First, blacks may learn better from a black, and women may learn better from a woman. Second, hiring women and blacks will provide role models for others. The first point Thomson quickly concedes as likely to be false. Discussion about the second point however is required, and will, in effect, serve to negate the first point as well. First, lets create a character, Bill. Bill is grossly overweight and unattractive. Studies have shown that many employers discriminate (whether subconsciously or not), against both overweight and unattractive individuals. Unfortunately for Bill, he fits into both categories. His inability to land a job reflective of his ab ilities, coupled with years of public humiliation through jokes made at his expense, has destroyed his self-esteem. This has caused him to accept as fact the notion that he will never be able to reach his goals. Few "Bill" success stories exist,